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įrom age 7, Kasparov attended the Young Pioneer Palace in Baku and, at 10 began training at Mikhail Botvinnik's chess school under coach Vladimir Makogonov. At the age of twelve, Garry, upon request of his mother Klara and with the consent of the family, adopted Klara's surname Kasparov, which was done to avoid possible antisemitic tensions, which were common in the USSR at the time. When Garry was seven years old, his father died of leukaemia. Kasparov began the serious study of chess after he came across a chess problem set up by his parents and proposed a solution.

Kasparov has described himself as a "self-appointed Christian", although "very indifferent" and identifies as Russian: "although I'm half-Armenian, half-Jewish, I consider myself Russian because Russian is my native tongue, and I grew up with Russian culture." His father, Kim Moiseyevich Weinstein, was Jewish, and his mother, Klara Shagenovna Gasparian, was Armenian. Kasparov was born Garik Kimovich Weinstein (Russian: Гарик Ки́мович Вайнштейн, Garik Kimovich Vainshtein) in Baku, Azerbaijan SSR (now Azerbaijan), Soviet Union.
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Kasparov is also a Security Ambassador for the software company Avast. In 2017, he founded the Renew Democracy Initiative (RDI), an American political organization promoting and defending liberal democracy in the U.S. Kasparov is currently chairman of the Human Rights Foundation and chairs its International Council. Since 2014, he holds Croatian citizenship and since 2020 resides in Podstrana near Split (prior to that, he lived in New York City ). In the wake of the Russian mass protests that began in 2011, he announced in 2013 that he had left Russia for the immediate future out of fear of persecution. In 2008, he announced an intention to run as a candidate in that year's Russian presidential race, but after encountering logistical problems in his campaign for which he blamed "official obstruction", he withdrew. He formed the United Civil Front movement and joined as a member of The Other Russia, a coalition opposing the administration and policies of Vladimir Putin.
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Despite losing the title, he continued winning tournaments and was the world's highest-rated player when he retired from professional chess in 2005.Īfter retiring, he devoted his time to politics and writing. He continued to hold the "Classical" World Chess Championship until his defeat by Vladimir Kramnik in 2000. In 1997 he became the first world champion to lose a match to a computer under standard time controls when he lost to the IBM supercomputer Deep Blue in a highly publicized match. He held the official FIDE world title until 1993 when a dispute with FIDE led him to set up a rival organization, the Professional Chess Association. Kasparov became the youngest ever undisputed World Chess Champion in 1985 at age 22 by defeating then-champion Anatoly Karpov. Kasparov also holds records for the most consecutive professional tournament victories (15) and Chess Oscars (11).

His peak rating of 2851, achieved in 1999, was the highest recorded until being surpassed by Magnus Carlsen in 2013. 1 for a record 255 months overall for his career.

From 1984 until his retirement in 2005, Kasparov was ranked world No. Garry Kimovich Kasparov ( Russian: Гарри Кимович Каспаров, Russian pronunciation:, born Garik Kimovich Weinstein, Гарик Кимович Вайнштейн 13 April 1963) is a Russian chess grandmaster, former World Chess Champion, writer, political activist and commentator. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged.From Kasparov's interview for Echo of Moscow, 13 September 2011 Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. It was popularised in the 1960s with the release of Letraset sheets containing Lorem Ipsum passages, and more recently with desktop publishing software like Aldus PageMaker including versions of Lorem Ipsum. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged.
